Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper
Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
§ 7.§ 7Theorietheorydesof theDoppelerschenDoppler'sPrinzipsprincipleundandderofAberration.aberration
[p. 910]
Imin theSystemesystembefindelet there be[supposition]sich↳[supposition]sehrveryfernefarvomfrom theKoordinatenursprungorigin of coordinateseineaQuellesourceelektrodynamischerof electrodynamicWellen,waveswelchewhichinineinemadentheKoordinatenursprungorigin of coordinatesenthaltendencontainingRaumteilpart of spacemitto a sufficient approximationgenügender↳Annäherung↳durchbydietheGleichungenequationsdargestelltrepresentedsei:is[supposition]
List the reasoning words in this sentence (2)
- befinde sich (let there be) · [konjunktiv-i]: sich befinden in Konjunktiv I: befinde sich, ‘let there be (a source)’, the supposed set-up
- sei (is) · [konjunktiv-i]: Konjunktiv I: dargestellt sei, ‘(which) is represented’, part of the supposed source
[p. 910]Explain this equation
- Electric field, stationary system
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Wave phase
- Magnetic field, stationary system
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
- Electric field, stationary system
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Magnetic field, stationary system
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
- Wave angular frequency (stationary system)
- Time in the stationary system
- Direction cosine (stationary system)
- Position in the stationary system
- Direction cosine (stationary system)
- Position in the stationary system
- Direction cosine (stationary system)
- Position in the stationary system
- Speed of light
- Electric field, stationary system
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Magnetic field, stationary system
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
HierbeiheresindareundanddietheVektoren,vectorswelchewhichdietheAmplitudeamplitudedesof theWellenzugeswave trainbestimmen,determine,,dietheRichtungskosinusdirection cosinesderof theWellennormalen.wave normal
[pp. 910–911]
WirwefragenasknachaboutdertheBeschaffenheitnaturedieserof theseWellen,waveswennwhendieselbentheyvonbyeinemaninindemthebewegtenmovingSystemsystemruhendenat restBeobachterobserveruntersuchtexaminedwerden.are
—DurchbyAnwendungapplicationderof theinin§ 6§ 6gefundenenfoundTransformationsgleichungentransformation equationsfürfordietheelektrischenelectricundandmagnetischenmagneticKräfteforcesundandderof theinin§ 3§ 3gefundenenfoundTransformationsgleichungentransformation equationsfürfordietheKoordinatencoordinatesundanddietheZeittimeerhaltenobtainwirweunmittelbar:directlywobeiwheregesetztis putist.↳
[p. 911]Explain this equation
- Electric field, moving system
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Wave phase
- Magnetic field, moving system
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
- Electric field, moving system
- Lorentz factor
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Speed of the moving system
- Speed of light
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
- Magnetic field, moving system
- Magnetic field amplitude (stationary system)
- Electric field amplitude (stationary system)
- Electric field, moving system
- Magnetic field, moving system
- Wave angular frequency (moving system)
- Time in the moving system
- Direction cosine (moving system)
- Position in the moving system
- Direction cosine (moving system)
- Position in the moving system
- Direction cosine (moving system)
- Position in the moving system
[pp. 911–912]
AusfromdertheGleichungequationfürforfolgt:followsIstif ... moveseinanBeobachterobserverrelativrelativezutoeineranunendlichinfinitelyfernendistantLichtquellelight sourcevonofdertheFrequenzfrequencymitwithdertheGeschwindigkeitvelocityderartin such a waybewegt,↳daßthatdietheVerbindungslinieline joining„Lichtquelle–light sourceBeobachter“observermitwithdertheauftoeinarelativrelativezurto theLichtquellelight sourceruhendesat restKoordinatensystemcoordinate systembezogenenreferredGeschwindigkeitvelocitydesof theBeobachtersobserverdentheWinkelanglebildet,makessothenistis givendiethevonbydemtheBeobachterobserverwahrgenommeneperceivedFrequenzfrequencydesof theLichteslightdurchbydietheGleichungequationgegeben:↳
DiesthisistisdastheDoppelerscheDoppler'sPrinzipprinciplefürforbeliebigearbitraryGeschwindigkeiten.velocities
FürfornimmttakesdietheGleichungequationdietheübersichtlicheperspicuousFormforman:↳
Manone seessieht,↳daßthat—imcontrary toGegensatz↳zu↳dertheüblichenusualAuffassungview—fürfor,ist.is
[p. 912]
Nenntif one callsman↳dentheWinkelanglezwischenbetweenWellennormalewave normal(Strahlrichtung)direction of the rayimin thebewegtenmovingSystemsystemundanddertheVerbindungslinieline joining„Lichtquelle–light sourceBeobachter“,observersothennimmttakesdietheGleichungequationfürfordietheFormforman:↳
DiesethisGleichungequationdrücktexpressesdastheAberrationsgesetzlaw of aberrationininseineritsallgemeinstenmost generalFormformaus.↳
Istif ... is,sothennimmttakesdietheGleichungequationdietheeinfachesimpleGestaltforman:↳
[p. 912]
Wirwehabenhave to findnunnownochstilldietheAmplitudeamplitudederof theWellen,waveswieasdieselbeitimin thebewegtenmovingSystemsystemerscheint,appearszu↳suchen.↳
Nenntif one callsman↳bez.ordietheAmplitudeamplitudederof theelektrischenelectricoderormagnetischenmagneticKraftforceimin theruhendenstationarybez.orimin thebewegtenmovingSystemsystemgemessen,measuredsothenerhältobtainsman:onewelchewhichGleichungequationfürforinpasses over intodietheeinfacheresimplerübergeht:↳
[p. 912]
Esit followsfolgt↳ausfromdentheentwickeltendevelopedGleichungen,equationsdaßthatfürforeinenanBeobachter,observerderwhosichapproached[hypothetical]mitwithdertheGeschwindigkeitvelocityeinerto aLichtquellelight sourcenäherte,↳[hypothetical]diesethisLichtquellelight sourceunendlichinfinitelyintensivintenseerscheinenappearmüßte.would have to[hypothetical]
List the reasoning words in this sentence (2)
- sich näherte (approached) · [konjunktiv-ii]: sich nähern in Konjunktiv II: näherte, ‘(who) were approaching’ with the velocity V, a limiting case supposed, not a real observer
- müßte (would have to) · [konjunktiv-ii]: Konjunktiv II: müßte, ‘would have to’, the consequence for a case that cannot occur; archaic spelling of müsste