Instruments
Teaching tapes
A teaching tape is a recorded walk through one instrument: where to start, what to change, in what order, and the numbers its author says you should see. 22 tapes cover 19 instruments, and 19 of their 44 steps carry a number to check against.
Each page shows what the author recorded, not a result the page computed. 22 of them open their instrument with the walkthrough's first settings already in place; on the other 0 you set them yourself. Either way the instrument does the calculating and you compare.
BM-01, Tracer Ensemble and Observable Selection
On Brownian motion: from wandering to a measurable law
- Einstein's 0.8 micron particleScrub the observation interval and see the printed displacement figures reproduced under the historical constant set.§4 · From random displacement to diffusion, §5 · From displacement to molecular scale
BM-05, Random Steps to Diffusion
BM-07, Infer the molecular number
BM-08, Measurement bias with localization noise, drift, and exposure models
LQ-05, Independent Configurations and Boltzmann Entropy
On Light quanta: from entropy to an energy scale
- Journey I Stage E: The Microstate CounterWalkthrough for Journey I: n = 3 enumeration, n = 60 logarithmic scaling, and the locked comparison.§5 · independent configurations
- The locked positionsDemonstrates that the probability is (V/V0)^n only when the points are independent; rigidly locked points give V/V0.§5 · independent configurations
LQ-06, Matching the Entropy Coefficients to Derive the Light Quantum
On Light quanta: from entropy to an energy scale
- The Move: From Entropy Law to Energy QuantaTeaching tape demonstrating the matching of the entropy coefficients between ideal gas and monochromatic radiation.§6 · the heuristic correspondence
LQ-07, Fluorescence Energy Budget and Stokes's Rule
On Light quanta: from entropy to an energy scale
- Journey I Stage G: The Fluorescence Energy AccountingInteractive journey stage examining Stokes's rule, deviation cases, and weak-illumination proportionality.§7 · fluorescence and its conditions
- Stokes's Rule as an Energy BudgetWalkthrough of Einstein's 1905 §7 energy accounting for fluorescence emission and its deviation cases.§7 · fluorescence and its conditions
LQ-09, Gas Ionization Bounds and Counting Model
On Light quanta: from entropy to an energy scale
- Gas Ionization Threshold and Single-Quantum Energy ConservationWalkthrough of Einstein's 1905 §9 threshold bound h*nu >= J_mol, count relations j = L/(R*beta*nu), and historical checks.§9 · ionization bounds and closing scope
ME-01, opposite pulses and two ledgers
On Mass and energy: two accounts, one subtraction
- the two pulsesA body at rest emits two light pulses of equal energy in opposite directions. Turn the pair, and each pulse's share changes while their sum in the moving frame does not.The unsectioned argument · explanatory reading
ME-02, inertia from the small-speed coefficient
On Mass and energy: two accounts, one subtraction
- toward low speedTeaching tape that walks the observer speed toward zero so the proxy can stabilize.The unsectioned argument · explanatory reading
ME-03, system-boundary energy ledger with cited energy-source cards
On Mass and energy: two accounts, one subtraction
- the 1906 boxTeaching tape demonstrating that assigning mass m = E/c^2 to the light pulse preserves center-of-mass immobility in the 1906 box thought experiment.The unsectioned argument · explanatory reading
- where the energy wentTeaching tape demonstrating boundary energy balances: body alone loses mass, radiation carries energy, and the combined isolated system conserves total mass and energy.The unsectioned argument · explanatory reading
SR-02, magnet and conductor descriptions
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- magnet and conductorTeaching tape that compares the magnet-rest and conductor-rest descriptions at 10 m/s and at 0.6c.Introduction · magnet, conductor, and the postulates
SR-03, Rod Measurement and Simultaneity
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- The boost to 0.6cDemonstrates the relativity of simultaneity and length contraction for a 10-ls rod at v = 0.6c.§2 · lengths and measurement events, §4 · rods, clocks, and the limit of the model
SR-08, electric and magnetic frame change
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- field frame changeTeaching tape demonstrating the transformation of electric and magnetic fields under a 0.6c boost.§6 · field equations and field components
SR-09, Doppler and aberration
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- doppler aberrationTeaching tape demonstrating the relativistic Doppler effect and aberration under a 0.6c boost.§7 · Doppler shift and aberration
SR-10, The finite light complex
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- finite light complexTeaching tape demonstrating how the energy and volume of a bounded light packet transform under a 0.6c boost.§8 · finite light energy and moving mirrors
SR-11, moving mirror reflection
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- moving mirror reflectionTeaching tape demonstrating frequency shift, aberration, radiation pressure, and energy balance for reflection from a moving mirror.§8 · finite light energy and moving mirrors
SR-12, charge and current density
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- charge and current transformationTeaching tape demonstrating the transformation of charge and current density under a 0.6c boost.§9 · charge and current
SR-13, electron dynamics and force conventions
On Special relativity: from clock operations to electrodynamics
- electron work and deflectionTeaching tape demonstrating mass coefficients, work, kinetic energy, and deflections for a relativistic electron.§10 · electron force, work, and closing scope